This study aims to examine the role of mathematical modeling supported by educational technology, with Excel as an accessible and user-friendly example, in enhancing the learning of three key high school mathematical concepts: recursive sequences, rate of change, and large numbers. To achieve this goal, a modeling course was designed with content closely aligned to essential school mathematics, enabling students to experience these ideas in authentic and meaningful contexts. Thirty-three secondary school students participated in a workshop in which they modeled rabbit population growth using Excel. The course was structured to familiarize students with the modeling cycle and to provide opportunities for them to engage actively with recursive sequences, rate of change, and large numbers in ways that connected mathematics to real-world situations. Data were collected through researcher-designed pre-tests and post-tests and analyzed using the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The results revealed a significant improvement in students’ scores across all three variables. These findings suggest that mathematical modeling, when integrated with educational technology, can foster deeper conceptual understanding and increase motivation in mathematics learning.